All You Need to Know About the Clay Lick in the Amazon

Embark on a journey into the heart of one of nature’s most mesmerizing phenomena—the Clay Lick. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll delve into everything you need to know about these captivating sites, from their purpose and locations to the diverse species that grace their presence.

What are Macaw Clay Licks or collpa?

Macaw clay licks, also known as «collpas.”

The word Collpa is a Castilianized noun, which derives from the Quechua word “Qolpa” and means salty land. Collpa, then, is the place where animals gather to consume clay, the same one that contains mineral salts; This noun has also been verbalized calling it “Collpear”, being the action of consuming clay.

The clay licks are specialized areas where animals such as birds or mammals gather to consume mineral-rich clay.

The origin of the clay licks has different hypotheses

For the northeastern Amazon, it is much clearer since there is scientific evidence that there was an oceanic transgression in that region where even marine fossils have been found (Lake Pebas).

For the southeast side however, there is a hypothesis that during strong waves the seawater passed from the southern part of Paraguay to the southern part of Bolivia, and the salt water entered the freshwater river systems that in the end They reached the southeast of the Peruvian Amazon

It is in this area where the amount of sodium you find in the vegetation is very low and what you find in the clay lick is 40 times greater.

How did we find these clay licks?

Thanks to researcher Alan Lee, the clay licks were mapped to see the distribution and concentration.

Why do macaws eat clay?

Macaws use the collpa more frequently between November through March and less frequently between May to September looking for sodium supplements for their developmental system

An individual can visit the clay lick 3 times a week, in the peak season when they have a greater amount of fruits in the forest which also matches the breeding season when they consume and then give to its chicks through regurgitation.

The sodium and other minerals in the clay lick are important for the muscular, nervous development, and intelligence of baby macaws in the first days of life.

Where are the clay licks located?

In Bolivia, the western part of Brazil, the southern part of Colombia, and the southern part of Ecuador.

Madre De Dios in Peru, however, has the largest number of clay licks recorded in South America.

Tambopata National Reserve in Madre de Dios, Peru, is renowned for hosting some of the most spectacular clay licks in the Amazon. These sites are strategically located within the reserve, providing a unique opportunity for wildlife enthusiasts.

Strategically location of our ecolodges in the Tambopata River with access to the clay licks

How Many Clay Licks Are There?

While specific numbers may vary, Tambopata is home to several significant clay licks, each offering a distinct experience. The exact count depends on the specific area within the reserve, and guided tours can take you to multiple sites for a comprehensive exploration.

Note the area does not only have macaws clay lick but also parrots and mammal clay licks inside the forest.

Where Can You See Most of the Clay Licks?

The Tambopata River basin within the Tambopata National Reserve is a hotspot for macaw clay licks. Notable sites include Collpa Hermosa ( Next to Posada Amazonas) 8 Gallinas, Chuncho, Colorado ( all the 3 last ones are inside the Tambopata National Reserve), and others, each offering a different setting and attracting diverse species of macaws.

Macaws in the clay lick by Juan Carlos Yatto in Tambopata

Did you know Tambopata Research Center inside the Tambopata National Reserve was recognized as one of the best places to see wildlife by the BBC Production of Planet Earth III. Learn more here

What Wildlife Species Can You Find?

The clay licks attract a variety of macaw species. While clay licks in the river usually offer macaws ample space to enjoy. Depending on where the clay lick is located you will find different species.

For example, many years ago the Colocado claylick, used to get the visit of the Blue-headed macaw, very difficult to see. According to researcher Claudia Torres-Sovero, a bird specialist, and her scientific article from Alto Madre de Dios, these macaws can be seen most frequently in hill forests.

Collpa Hermosa usually gets the visit of Red and Green Macaws and parrots

Chuncho and 8 Gallinas get the visit the Scarlet Macaw, the Blue and Yellow Macaw, beside the small macaws parrots, and parrakets.

There is a long list but we have made a Birds Check List if you are a professional or amateur birdwatcher

Note the latest claylick, means that it is much easier for predators to find their prey. Jaguars and ocelots have been recorded attacking macaws in a clay lick.

There are also records of other mammals such as grey brocket deer, while-lipped peccaries, and monkeys such as the howler monkey and spider monkeys.

Like other mammals, Collared peccary can visit the clay lick in the Amazon

When is the Best Season for Macaw Watching at the clay lick?

Even though there is are greater volume of macaws during the rainy season as the macaws need the ingestion of the clay to feed the first days of life of the chicks that helps their nervous and muscular system, is the dry season (May to September) considered the optimal time for macaw watching due to the weather conditions. During this period, the reduced rainfall makes the clay more accessible for the birds.

How Far is the Distance for Observation?

The distance for observation varies depending on the specific clay lick, the tour you choose, and the season. Guided tours often provide strategic viewing platforms, ensuring a safe and respectful distance while still offering an excellent vantage point.

Let’s talk about the famous clay lick in the Tambopata River:

1. Hermosa Clay lick: A parrot clay lick where red and green macaws eventually come down. It is located next to Posada Amazonas. 45 minutes by boat from Puerto Infierno.

2. 8 Gallinas Clay lick: This is the new observation point, currently active and accessible from the shore of the island in front of the clay lick itself. This is 40 minutes from the checkpoint I mentioned above or 60 minutes from Filadelfia river port.

It’s reached by river. The observation point is on an island in front of the clay lick.

That means you go down on the island, you walk on the shore, and you have in front of you the Tambopata River where the boats cross, and then the clay wall

The clay lick is in a wide curve of the river, due to this the longest distance between the observation point and the lick

There are no blinds here, it is only from the shore of the island where you can see

3. Chuncho Clay lick: This is located 60 minutes after the last checkpoint called Malonivski of the Tambopata National Reserve or 1 hour and 20 minutes from Filadelfia. It has a blind constructed by the State. The bling is located approximately 80 meters from the clay lick.

You reach an island by the river that is right in front of the clay lick, then you go down and walk approximately 20 meters to the blind.

The blind is a small closed house for about 20 people, it has a horizontal «window» along the entire length of the blind. It is a wooden construction, elevated above the ground since it is an island and tends to flood during the rainy season.

This is a video of SERNANP when they created the blind at Chuncho Claylick, you can see the park ranger inside the blind, and see the detail of the «window» I mentioned before.

When the blind was built the macaws were swinging right in front of the blind, however, the plants have grown dividing the clay lick and the birds could swing to the right or left which would make the distance much longer. Paul Bertner’s photos were taken in January 2021. And the blind is the limit allowed by the state to get close to take photos.

How can you visit the Clay Lick?

Collpa Hermosa is just next to Posada Amazonas, so you will get the best sightings by staying there.

For Chuncho Clay Lick or 8 Gallinas, we will recommend Refugio Amazonas Lodge, as it is just in the buffer zone of the Tambopata National Reserve. Note Refugio Amazonas has a mammal clay lick.

If you are a parrot lover then you want to visit Chuncho, 8 Gallinas, and Colorado Claylick, and if so, Tambopata Research Center is the place for you. As this ecolodge is the remotest in the Tambopata River, you will have access to 3 clay licks, besides that the place is a paradise for macaws as you will find natural and artificial nests around the lodge due to the ongoing Tambopata Macaw Project.

What Other Animals Visit Clay Lick?

Beyond macaws and parrots, macaw clay licks attract a diverse array of wildlife. Capybaras, tapirs, and various other mammals like monkeys often visit these sites to supplement their diets with the nutrient-rich clay.

The Macaw Clay Licks of Tambopata National Reserve are not just a spectacle; they’re a testament to the intricate web of life within the Amazon. Armed with this comprehensive guide, you’re ready to embark on an adventure that goes beyond birdwatching, offering a profound understanding of the delicate balance that sustains this unique ecosystem. Prepare to be enchanted by the vibrant colors and fascinating behaviors of the macaws in their natural habitat.